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Noturus exilis
''Noturus exilis'', also called the slender madtom, is a species of the Ictaluridae family of catfish. The Ictaluridae family includes bullheads, madtoms, channel catfish, and blue catfish. ''Noturus exilis'' is found in the central portion of the Mississippi River basin, but is most abundant in Ozarkian streams. Slender madtoms occur west of the Mississippi River in the Ozarks of Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Missouri north to southern Wisconsin and Minnesota. It also occurs east of the Mississippi River in the uplands of Alabama, Tennessee, and Kentucky in the Tennessee, Cumberland, and Green drainages. Nelson first described ''Noturus exilis'' in 1876. The slender madtom is moderately large with a terminal to sub terminal mouth, flat head, small eyes, and black marginal bands on the median fins. Most slender madtoms are less than . ''Noturus flavus'' and ''Noturus nocturnus'' are rather similar in shape and coloration to ''Norturus exilis''.〔 Slender madtoms inhabit small to medium sized streams, in riffle and flowing pool habitats with coarse gravel to slab rock substrates. The presence of a shelter object, such as a large rock, seems to be important in habitat selection.〔〔
==Distribution==
Slender madtoms inhabit two disjunct areas of the Central Highlands: one in the Ozark Highlands ranging from eastern Kansas and Oklahoma to the southern tip of Illinois and including most of Missouri and northwest Arkansas, and another in the Eastern Highlands, from middle Tennessee and part of southeastern Kentucky, ranging into northern Alabama and Mississippi. The slender madtom also occurs as several smaller, isolated populations in Iowa, Illinois and southern Wisconsin and Minnesota. Slender madtoms have seen a decrease in population size from their previous habitat ranges. Due to habitat alteration along the small streams of the Tennessee drainage, this species may be in great danger of extirpation from Mississippi. It has also declined in the northern part of its range in Wisconsin, due primarily to agricultural runoff or alterations in river flow due to dams.〔 The slender madtom's range has mostly likely decreased due to dam construction, channelization, and agricultural runoff.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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